摘 要

本次毕业设计的题目是中型货车驱动桥设计。驱动桥是汽车传动系统的重要组成部件,其位于传动系的末端，其功用是增大由传动轴或变速器传来的转矩，将其传给驱动轮并使其具有差速功能. 所以中型专用汽车驱动桥设计有着实际的意义。

在本次设计中，根据当今驱动桥的发展情况确定了驱动桥各部件的设计方案。其中根据本次设计的车型为中型汽车，所以主减速器的形式采用双级主减速器；而差速器则采用目前被广泛应用的对称式锥齿轮差速器；其半轴为全浮式支撑。在本次设计中完成了对主减速器、差速器、半轴、桥壳及轴承的设计计算及校核。并通过以上计算满足了驱动桥的各项功能。此外本设计还应用了较为先进的设计手段，如用MATLAB进行计算编程和用CAXA软件绘图。

本设计保持了驱动桥有足够的强度、刚度和足够的使用寿命，以及足够的其他性能。并且在本次设计中力求做到零件通用化和标准化。

关键词：驱动桥，主减速器，差速器，半轴，桥壳

ABSTRACT

The graduation project is the subject of a medium goods vehicle driver in the design of the bridge. Bridge drive vehicle drive system is an important component parts, its function is increasing drive shaft or transmission came from the torque, and its transmission to a driving wheel differential function. So medium-sized private car driver has a practical bridge design Significance.

 In the design of the bridge under the current drive the development of the driver identified the components of the bridge design. According to the design of this model for the medium-sized cars, so the main reducer in the form of a two-stage main reducer, and the current differential is being widely used symmetric bevel gear differential; its axle for the whole floating - Support. In the completion of the design of the main reducer, differential and axle, bearings and the bridge shell calculation and design verification. Through the above calculation and the drive to meet the various functions of the bridge. In addition the design of a more advanced design tools, such as MATLAB calculated using CAXA software programming and graphics.

This design has maintained a drive axle have sufficient strength, stiffness and sufficient life, and enough other properties. And in this design-to-common and standardized components. 

KEY WORDS：Drive Bridge, the main reducer, differential and axle, Shell Bridge

目录

第1章 绪 论1

1.1 驱动桥简介1

1.2 驱动桥设计的基本要求2

第2章 驱动桥主减速器设计3

2.1 主减速器简介3

2.2 主减速器形式的选择4

2.3主减速器锥齿轮的选择5

2.4 主减速器齿轮的支承7

2.5 主减速器轴承的预紧8

2.6 锥齿轮啮合的调整8

2.7 润   滑9

2.8 双曲面锥齿轮的设计9

2.8.1主减速比的确定9

2.8.2主减速器齿轮计算载荷的确定10

2.8.3主减速器齿轮基本参数的选择12

2.8.4有关双曲面锥齿轮设计计算方法及公式16

2.8.5主减速器双曲面齿轮的强度计算17

2.9主减速齿轮的材料及热处理20

第3章 差速器的设计22

3.1 差速器的功用22

3.2 差速器结构形式的选择22

3.3 差速器齿轮的基本参数选择24

3.4 差速器强度计算27

3.5 差速器直齿圆锥齿轮参数27

第4章 车轮传动装置的设计30

4.1 车轮传动装置的功用30

4.2 半轴支承型式30

4.3 全浮式半轴计算载荷的确定30

4.4 半轴的强度计算31

4.5 全浮式半轴杆部直径的初选32

4.6 半轴的结构设计及材料与热处理32

第5章 驱动桥壳设计34

5.1 驱动桥壳的功用和设计要求34

5.2 驱动桥壳结构方案分析34

5.3 汽车以最大牵引力行驶时的桥壳强度计算35

第6章　轴承的寿命计算37

6.1主减速器轴承的计算37

6.2轴承载荷的计算39

6.3主动齿轮轴承寿命计算39

结论41

参考文献42

致谢43

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