摘 要

本设计课题为汽车转向系统的设计，课题以机械式转向系统的循环球式转向器设计及校核、整体式转向梯形机构的设计及验算为中心。首先对汽车转向系进行概述，二是作设计前期数据准备，三是转向器形式的选择以及初定各个参数，四是循环球式转向器的主要部件进行受力分析与数据校核，五是对整体式转向梯形机构的设计以及验算，并根据梯形数据对转向传动机构作尺寸设计。最后，利用软件AUTOCAD完成转向梯形和转向器的设计图纸。

转向器在设计中选用的是循环球式齿条齿扇转向器，在对转向器的设计中，包括了螺杆—钢球—螺母传动副的设计和齿条—齿扇传动副的设计，前者是基于参照同类汽车，确定出钢球中心距，设计出一系列的尺寸，而后者则是根据汽车前轴的载荷来确定出齿扇模数，再由此设计出所有参数的。

转向梯形的设计选用的是整体式转向梯形，本文在设计中借鉴同类汽车转向梯形设计的经验尺寸对转向梯形进行尺寸初选。运用了优化计算工具Matlab进行设计及验算。Matlab强大的计算功能以及简单的程序语法，使设计在参数变更时得到快捷而可靠的数据分析和直观的二维曲线图,使转向梯形基本满足设计要求。

关键词：转向系  转向器  转向梯形   

Abstract

The title of this topic is the design of steering system. Recirculating-ball steering of Mechanical steering system and integrated Steering trapezoid mechanism gear to the design as the center. Firstly make an overview of the Steering System. Secondly take a preparation of the data of the design. Thirdly, make a choice of the steering form and determine the primary parameters and design the structure of Rack and pinion steering. Fourthly, Stress analysis and data checking of Recirculating-ball the steering. Fifthly, design of Steering trapezoid mechanism, according to the trapezoidal data make an analysis and design of Steering linkage. and finally, the use of AUTOCAD software and the steering gear steering linkage to complete the design drawings.

Steering the ball of choice is the cycle of fan-type steering gear rack teeth, in the design of steering gear, including a screw - Ball - Vice-nut drive the design and rack - fan drive gear pair design, the former is based on the reference to similar vehicles, to determine the center distance of the ball, the design of a series of size, while the latter is based on the vehicle front axle load to determine the fan module out of gear, and then all of the resulting design parameters.

Steering linkage design is a whole selection of steering trapezoid, the paper design is used in car steering linkage from a similar experience in the design of the size of the steering linkage to the primary size. In the design of integrated Steering trapezoid mechanism the computational tools Matlab had been used to Design and Checking of the data. The powerful computing and Intuitive charts of the Matlab can give us Accurate and quickly data. Make the steering trapezoid basic meet the design requirements

key words：steering system  steering gear  steering trapezium