摘      要

汽车起重机是轮式起重机的一种。通常习惯把装在通用或专用载重汽车底盘上的起重机称为汽车起重机。汽车起重机的金属结构以回转平台为界，分为上车和下车两部分。上车部分由起重臂架、人字架、配重、回转平台和起重司机室组成；下车部分由车架、汽车司机室和支腿组成。上车部分可以相对下车部分旋转。起重机的金属结构将起重机连接成一个整体，承受起重机的自重以及作业时的各种外载荷。工作半径不小于270°，双H型支腿同步伸缩臂式汽车起重机。其额定起重量为10T,系统正常工作压力为16MPa。文中通过对QY10起重机进行总体性能分析，最终确定了一些结构参数，并对起重机总机进行了的牵引力和稳定性计算。

支腿在起重机工作时，支撑着整个机重和外载荷重量，要求安全可靠，如发生支腿自缩，就有使整个起重机倾翻的危险。因此在支腿机构设计时，着重从安全保障方面入手，在支腿油路中设置了双向液压锁元件，且直接安装在垂直液压缸上，防止管路破坏或液压缸活塞密封圈损坏时发生事故，而且当行驶或停放时，支腿也不会在重力作用下自动下降。为了提高效率及整机调平需要，单个垂直液压缸即可同时伸缩又可单独伸缩。为了保证结构有较好的密封性，设计使用了性能较为可靠的由派克公司生产的密封圈。另外对于横向伸缩箱的截面形状也进行了可靠性验算。

关键词：汽车起重机  支腿机构  液压

ABSTRACT

   Truck Crane is a kind of crane. It is usually used in general or put on the special truck chassis crane .It called cranes. The truck crane metal structure Divided into two parts of the truck with platform for boundary. Top truck is composed of Crane Boom, Renzi Jia, weight, rotary platform and crane cab; The lower part of truck is composed of Frame, drivers room and leg.Top truck and lower truck can be relative rotation. Crane metal structure will be connected into a whole,And crane under the crane self-reverence and various load at working. The working radius is not less than 270 °, H-double outrigger synchronized telescopic boom truck crane. The rated weight of the machine is 10T, the normal system pressure is 16MPa.Based on the analysis to the total function of the QY10truck crane ,we at last assurance some structure parameters ,and do calculations of the  loading dint and stability of the whole machine.

When the crane working, the Outrigger will support the entire weight of the machine and the outside loading, so safety and reliability is required. If the outrigger retracted itself, there is a danger that the whole truck would turn over. Therefore, in outrigger designing, it should be focused on the aspects of safety.The outrigger Circuit set up a two-way hydraulic lock components, and installed directly on the vertical hydraulic cylinder, to prevent from the accident when pipe  or hydraulic cylinder piston ring is damaged. And when driving or parked, the outrigger will not automatically fall under gravity. In order to improve efficiency and leveling needs, the vertical telescopic hydraulic cylinders can stretch and shrink together or singly. And the credibility calculate to the shape of the horizontal box is done at last.

Key words:    truck crane   Outrigger Agency   Hydraulic

第一章 概述1

1.1引言1

1.2国内外汽车起重机的发展趋势3

1.3国内汽车起重机产品差距主要表现6

1.4汽车起重机产品的发展趋势7

第二章  总体设计9

2.1总体参数的确定9

2.2汽车起重机底盘类型的选择10

2.3设备组成及其功能分析13

2.4汽车起重机移动性能分析15

2.5对整机进行牵引计算17

第三章  液压系统的设计18

3.1液压系统型式18

3.2液压系统的控制20

3.3液压系统设计21

3.4支腿油路的设计26

第四章 支腿机构的设计和校核计算27

4.1支腿形式的选择27

4.2支腿压力的计算28

4.3垂直支腿液压缸的设计计算33

4.4液压缸结构参数的计算35

4.5液压缸的连接计算36

4.6 活塞杆稳定性验算37

4.7 横向伸缩箱截面的计算38

4.8 支腿垂直液压缸与伸缩箱的连接40

第五章  支腿工作稳定性分析43

5.1支腿工作稳定性43

5.2支腿机构打软腿的危害与防止措施分析44

参考文献

毕业设计小结

附：英文翻译

英文原文

毕业实习报告

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